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BIBFRAME  April 2015

BIBFRAME April 2015

Subject:

Re: How is Bibframe data stored?

From:

Karen Coyle <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative Forum <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Mon, 13 Apr 2015 08:03:04 -0700

Content-Type:

text/plain

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text/plain (87 lines)

I totally agree with Kelley and Brian. What you do in the privacy of 
your own database is entirely up to you.

Not all of our (or possibly anyone's) data can or should link. Linking 
is how we can interact between data stores. It's the public face of our 
data. And our goal should be linking, not RDF. The "what" is linking, 
the "how" could take different forms, although RDF is the technology 
available today.

I even have doubts whether it makes sense to transform the whole of our 
metadata to RDF. We could transform the elements that have some linking 
potential, but leave elements like transcribed titles and notes in some 
other convenient storage format, since they will never link. The RDFa 
solution makes sense to me because it marks up a document with linkable 
elements, and in a sense our bibliographic data is a document with some 
linkable data. RDFa is the basis for schema.org, which OCLC is using. 
Unfortunately, schema.org isn't very precise and probably wouldn't meet 
the needs of inter-library linking.

Then the question becomes: can we build on top of our current data in 
MARC, or do we have to transform it all into another format? If you give 
up round-tripping, and if you assume that the original MARC record may 
be available to you if needed, it may be possible to build on that data 
the way that RDFa builds on a document. Ironically, this may mean that 
we should create an intermediate data format, perhaps based on JSON-LD, 
that stores the data in a more modern format and that also allows 
change. Honestly, we'd be so much closer to a solution if we had moved 
away from ISO 2709/Z39.2 way back when we first started creating online 
catalogs. It may seem too late, but perhaps we need to make the move 
from MARC to XML/JSON/etc as a step before embracing RDF.

As always, I point to my start at an analysis that would inform a 
post-MARC data format.[1] It's an analysis that I think needs to be 
done, regardless of what that post-MARC data format is. *sigh*

kc
[1] http://futurelib.pbworks.com/w/page/29114548/MARC%20elements


On 4/12/15 10:11 PM, Kelley McGrath wrote:
> Although much of the discussion on storing bibframe data went over my head, some things have been niggling at me for a while that maybe are related to this thread.
>
> I get that it would be good for us to publish our data as linked data. I get that it would be good for us to consume linked data. I get that we should re-use other people's URIs in our data to save time and reduce maintenance. I get that we should match our identifiers to other people's URIs in order to connect more information.
>
> However, it has not been clear to me that it makes sense for us to store and maintain our data as linked data. And yet, I don't see any alternative plan being developed.
>
> This may be sacrilege, but from what I understand there seem to be things that linked data isn't good at. For example, retaining the order of things like authors' names or connecting a specific place and publisher written on the title page or a book. Sometimes when this has been discussed on this list, I get the impression that we shouldn't want to do those things; that they're somehow obsolete.
>
> I can't get my head around that. Maybe you don't need those things for linking, but I don't think linking is the only thing that we want to do with our data. For example, it emerged recently, when MPOW changed to a discovery layer that didn't do such a good job with this initially, that the ability to generate citations is hugely important to a significant portion of our patrons. If you want to generate an accurate citation, you need to know the order of the author's names.
>
> It has been suggested to me that we shouldn't be generating citations, but rather storing them as strings. However, again I seem to be missing something because that doesn't seem very optimal to me. Do you store a separate string for every format: APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.? What do you do when a style guide gets updated? It might not be very easy to update millions of strings. What if a new citation style is invented and becomes popular? It just seems to me to be more flexible and powerful to store the individual pieces of data and generate the citations. On the other hand, publishing citations as strings might be okay for most use cases.
>
> MARC records are a single unit. If a record has been edited by multiple parties, you can't tell who changed what when, which is a challenge for trouble-shooting and quality control. Linked data statements are atomistic, but it sounds to me like it is still hard to say anything much *about* the statement other than maybe the domain name used by whoever made it. It would be useful to track more about individual statements, such as when they are made and whether or not they are currently considered valid (one of the problems with bad data in the OCLC master record environment is that even if you take erroneous information out, all it takes is one batchload to put it right back in).
>
> As some of you know, I have been working on a project to crowdsource the parsing of film credits in catalog records (help us out at http://olac-annotator.org/ ). One result of this is that we have links between transcribed names in records and their authorized form.  It occurs to me that this might be a useful thing to record proactively. For example, even in a world of identifiers, we still need to choose one of many possible versions of a name to display to the user (unless you're going to display them all at once in some kind of cluster, which is not very user-friendly in many situations). In library cataloging, traditionally, for people the most common or the most recent variation is chosen as the preferred one. However, if the math changes, you have to wait for a person with NACO powers to notice this and fix it. This doesn't always happen in a timely fashion. In his earliest movies, Laurence Fishburne was credited as Larry Fishburne so this is how his name was established. It then persisted in library catalogs as Larry Fishburne for long, long after after he made the change (I think ten years) . If you had data like this, the computer could do the math and display the most current form.
>
> Name on piece	Year and work
> Larry Fishburne	1984	The Cotton Club
> Larry Fishburne 	1985	The Color Purple
> Laurence Fishburne 	1993	Searching for Bobby Fischer
> Laurence Fishburne 	1999	The Matrix
> Laurence Fishburne 	2006	Mission: Impossible III
>
> (if you look at IMDb's Laurence Fishburne page, they do track all this, along with the names of the characters he played: http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000401/ )
>
> With linked data, you can say
>
> Movie1  -- has actor  -- LF123
> Movie1 -- has actor's name credited as  -- "Laurence Fishburne"
> LF123  -- has been credited as -- "Laurence Fishburne"
>
> But you can't get all three of those things to connect up, at least not without using blank nodes, which then makes your data not so shareable. So far as I can see, anytime you want to connect the dots between more than two pieces of information or say something about a statement, it doesn't work so well with triples. This might not be such a problem for linking, but I think there are other things we want to do with our data where we may want this ability.
>
> What happens if we implement bibframe and we don't store and maintain our data as bibframe triples? We could just keep generating bibframe from MARC records, but then we haven't really replaced MARC or gotten more flexible, structured data than we already have.
>
> Alternatively, ILS vendors could come up with another internal format for us to store data in. However, I don't know that they have the right expertise for this nor any economic incentives. If this happened, we would also end up with much less portable data. Imagine if bib records were like item records and every system had its proprietary format and unique combination of fields. Anytime you do an ILS migration, there is a lot of item data that can't be moved to the new system, either because it's structured differently or because there is no equivalent field.
>
> This may be completely wrong-headed and I think I'm using the wrong vocabulary some places, but I thought I'd throw it out there in case someone can enlighten me.
>
> Kelley

-- 
Karen Coyle
[log in to unmask] http://kcoyle.net
m: +1-510-435-8234
skype: kcoylenet/+1-510-984-3600

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