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FEDLIB  April 1998

FEDLIB April 1998

Subject:

ACE: Disaster site/Drinking Water

From:

ace2 <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

FEDLIB: Federal Librarians Discussion List

Date:

Fri, 10 Apr 1998 19:28:34 -0400

Content-Type:

text/plain

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

text/plain (127 lines)

ACERs:
This is from the ACE SWAT team:


We  will send more info, in about a couple of hours, on federal resources
web sites for disasters.
If you know someone in the South who needs help, please call or email them.

Our prayers are with all those people and their friends and families.
In Alabama the  Emergency Management Agency is
tel 205-280-2200

From FEMA, Federal Emergency Management Administration
www.fema.gov/fema/respfact.html
Returning Home
Safe drinking water  (below)
Emergency Food and Water
Helping Children
Emergency Sanitation
Mitigation: Minimizing the Effects of Disaster
-----------------------------------------
LOCATING SAFE DRINKING WATER

    After a disaster, it is possible that water supplies will be temporarily
cut off or become
    contaminated. Because you must have water to survive, it is important to
know how to
    locate and purify drinking water to make it safe.

    WATER SOURCES

    In the home. Melt ice cubes, and use water from the hot-water tank, the
toilet tank (not the
    bowl) and water pipes.

    Hot water tank. Turn off the power that heats it, and let the tank cool.
Then place a
    container underneath and open the drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
Don't turn the tank
    on again until water services are restored.

    Toilet tank. The water in the tank (not the bowl) is safe to drink
unless chemical treatments
have been added.

    Water pipes. Release air pressure into the plumbing system by turning on
the highest faucet
    in the house. Then drain the water from the lowest faucet.

    Outside the home. Rain water, spring water, and water from streams,
river,lakes, and
    coiled garden hoses can be used after it is purified.

    Water Beds
    Avoid water from water beds as a source for drinking water. Pesticidal
chemicals are in the
    plastic casing of the bed and chemicals have probably been added to the
water to prevent
    the growth of algae, fungi, and bacteria. The water is safe only for
hand-washing and
    laundering.
PURIFYING WATER

    Boiling and chemical are two ways to purify water.
    Any water that is obtained from sources outside the home or water that
does not appear
    clear should be sterilized. Non-sterilized water may be contaminated
with the parasite
    Giardia.

    Straining water. Straining water containing sediment or floating
material through a cloth or
    paper filter before beginning the purification process.

    Heat sterilization. Boiling water is the preferred method of
purification because
    disease-causing- microorganisms cannot survive the intense heat. Bring
water to a rolling
    boil for 10 minutes. Pour the water back and forth from oneclean
container to another to
    improve the taste. Adding a pinch of salt could also help.

Chemical sterilization. In some situations, boiling may not be an option.
The alternative is to
    treat the water chemically. Plain household chlorine bleach may be used.
Be sure the label
    states that hypochlorite is the only active ingredient. Bleach
containing soap or fragrances is
    not acceptable. With an eye dropper, add 8 drops of bleach per gallon of
water (16 if the
    water is cloudy), stir and let stand. After 30 minutes the water should
taste and smell of
    chlorine. At this time it can be used. If the taste and smell (and
appearance in the case of
    cloudy water) has not changed, add another dose and let stand. If after
one half hour the
    water does not have a chlorine smell, do not use it.

    CONTAINERS

    Store the water in a clean and sanitary glass or plastic container.
Plastic containers are good
    because they are lightweight and unbreakable. Metal containers should be
considered as a
    last resort because they may corrode and give water an unpleasant taste.


    Water that local officials report has been contaminated with toxic
chemicals or radioactive
    materials cannot be purified using home decontamination methods.

    Facts About Water
    Water is the single most abundant substance in the human body, making up
to 60 percent of
    an adult's weight and up to 80 percent of an infant's weight. A person
can live several days
    without food, but just a few days without water. It is second only to
air in importance to life.

    Because water is so important to human survival, never ration it. Drink
at least 2 quarts per
    day, as long as supplies last, and look for alternative sources.

    Updated: February 12, 1997
----------------------
Glynis Long

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