No, I was referring to what would have to be done to make leave MODS unchanged, without using default attributes. Currently, <titleInfo> in a source document is the equivalent of <titleInfo xlink:type="simple"> after validation. If this is not actually what is intended, the default value can be removed and co-occurence constraints (i.e. xlink:type is present if and only if xlink:href is present) can be enforced in XML Schema with the <key>, <keyref>, and <unique> elements. --Andy >>> [log in to unmask] 05/04/05 12:32 PM >>> Andrew E Switala wrote: > Considering the post that started this thread, maintaining the > current semantics without using default attribute values would > require an explicit "xlink:type='simple'" on every <titleInfo>, > <relatedItem>, <name>, etc. *even if no "href" attribute is present*. Right ... I forgot again that XSD doesn't allow attribute-based validation. Sigh ... it explains the DTD/XSD hack of default values. Bruce