At 02:08 AM 2009-11-04, Shai Drori wrote: >The solution is very simple. The capstan of the Tonschreiber did not >run off the incoming AC but had an oscillator and amplifier as a >servo. It could run at any speed from I think 9 to 130 cm/sec. Hello, Shai, That is true, but I don't think Jack Mullin's machines were the Tonschreiber model and were lacking the oscillator and amplifier, but also, I do not believe them to be true Hysteresis-Synchronous motors, either. The point here is that if Tonschreibers were used (or the circuitry associated with them was put into a studio recorder) then George's discussion of mains frequency would need another footnote. Cheers, Richard Richard L. Hess email: [log in to unmask] Aurora, Ontario, Canada (905) 713 6733 1-877-TAPE-FIX Detailed contact information: http://www.richardhess.com/tape/contact.htm Quality tape transfers -- even from hard-to-play tapes.