Getting back on topic, my son Robert, the music student, passed on this link to me--I don't think that I had mentioned this thread but we had been talking about variations in recordings (specifically in regards to Dvorak's New World Symphony (9th now after renumbering)). So here are the opening chords of Beethoven's Eroica (3rd) Symphony, recorded between 1924 and 2011. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnhlQUBsd6g And here is a similar compilation of a short section from Stravinsky's Rite of Spring from 1921-2010 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2TGRtUu8xw Yes, I know that the recording technology influences the pitch as much as the actual playing, but, overall, I think these two are very informative peeks into the degree of variation considered "normal." The first Toscanini performance of the Beethoven really shows off the dry acoustic of what I assume to be Studio 8H at 30 Rock...and perhaps why, in 20/20 hindsight, it wasn't such a good idea, though it seemed to make sense at the time. As an aside, my friend the late Dr. Gerre Hancock, after bringing the choir of Men and Boys from St. Thomas Church to ABC TV-2 studio on W 66th Street in NYC for a holiday season appearance on "Good Morning America" asked me why I built studios that sounded like "pillow factories." Get out your tuners or pitch pipes and enjoy! If you have perfect pitch and are offended easily, please don't listen <smile>. Cheers, Richard -- Richard L. Hess email: [log in to unmask] Aurora, Ontario, Canada 647 479 2800 http://www.richardhess.com/tape/contact.htm Quality tape transfers -- even from hard-to-play tapes.